Silicon-Carbon Anode Production: The Key Role of Rotary Kilns

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Silicon-Carbon Anode Production: The Key Role of Rotary Kilns

Driven by lithium batteries' high energy density demand, silicon-carbon anodes (Si-C composites) are a core direction due to silicon's theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh/g (far exceeding graphite's 372 mAh/g). However, silicon's 300%-400% volume expansion during lithium intercalation requires high-temperature carbonization and coating processes. Rotary kilns, with advantages of "continuous operation, precise temperature control, and uniform heating", have become core equipment for large-scale silicon-carbon anode production.

rotary kiln, rotary tube furance, silicon-carbon anode

1. Core Applications of Rotary Kilns in Silicon-Carbon Anode Production

In silicon-carbon anode preparation, rotary kilns mainly serve high-temperature heat treatment to solve key process pain points:

Silicon Powder Carbon Coating: Mix silicon powder with carbon sources (e.g., pitch), heat at 800-1200℃ under inert atmosphere. Cylinder rotation ensures uniform coating layer (thickness deviation ≤±0.5μm) after carbon source pyrolysis, buffering silicon expansion and improving conductivity.
Si-C Composite Carbonization: For silicon-resin precursors, carbonize at 900-1500℃ (heating rate 5-10℃/min) under nitrogen protection. Precise temperature control (±3℃) avoids silicon oxidation, while rotation prevents agglomeration to form porous carbon framework.
Doping Modification: Mix silicon-carbon materials with dopants (e.g., urea) at 600-900℃, rotation enables uniform diffusion of N/P/S elements to enhance cycle stability.

2. Core Advantages of Rotary Kilns

Compared with traditional box furnaces and pusher kilns, rotary kilns have significant adaptability:

More Uniform Heating & Mixing: Rotation + flight design eliminates "edge-center temperature difference", avoiding electrode failure caused by local silicon enrichment;
Stable Atmosphere Control: Closed structure + inert gas circulation, oxygen content ≤10ppm to prevent silicon oxidation;
Continuous Mass Production: Daily output per unit up to ton-level, far exceeding box furnaces' tens of kg per batch;
Flexible Parameter Adjustment: Cylinder speed (0.5-5r/min) and temperature (600-1500℃) adjustable for formulas with 5%-30% silicon content.

3. Key Process Control Points

Temperature Curve: Slow heating (2-3℃/min) at 200-500℃ to prevent carbon source volatilization, fast heating at 800-1500℃ to promote carbon graphitization;
Atmosphere & Pressure: Inert gas flow 1-3m³/h to exhaust waste gas, micro-positive pressure (50-100Pa) to prevent air infiltration;
Material Control: Feed particle size 1-50μm, filling rate 30%-50% matching rotation speed.

4. How to contact us?

Zhengzhou Protech Technology Co.,LTD is a professional manufacturer specializing in tube furnaces, muffle furnaces, atmosphere furnaces, and vacuum furnaces. We are committed to providing targeted solutions to meet your diverse heating equipment needs.

For customized heating solutions tailored to your specific requirements, feel free to get in touch with us:
WhatsApp: +86 17719806024
Email: info@lab-furnace.com