Key points and safety specifications for vacuum furnace operation

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Key points and safety specifications for vacuum furnace operation

1. Preparation and inspection before operation

Environmental and equipment inspection: Make sure there are no flammable and explosive items around the furnace body, and place it on a well-ventilated, flat and solid ground to avoid sun and rain. Check whether the power cord and control line are connected properly. The insulation resistance must be greater than 1000 ohms to prevent leakage.

Vacuum system preparation: Confirm that the vacuum pump, valve and pipeline are sealed normally. After closing the vacuum valve, a sealing check must be performed before starting the vacuum pump. If the furnace body is in a vacuum state, it must be inflated to atmospheric pressure through the air inlet valve, and then the furnace cover must be opened to load the sample.

Sample loading specifications: The sample must be in stable contact with the heater to avoid accumulation or overload. If sintering is not performed under pressure, the inner and outer insulation covers must be covered to prevent abnormal temperature.

2. Heating and pressure program control

Heating parameter setting: The heating rate is generally not more than 100℃/min. Manual heating is recommended below 200℃. Infrared automatic temperature control can be used at 1000-2000℃. Heating must be started under vacuum. The ammeter is prohibited from exceeding the rated current of 700A.

Pressure program execution: Pre-pressing must be performed before heating, the pressure is set to 1.0-1.5MPa, and manual pressurization can be performed; automatic pressurization is performed after the temperature reaches the standard, the maximum pressure is 16MPa, and it is necessary to switch to the pressure stabilization mode after pressurization. After the end, the pressure is released and the hydraulic pump is turned off.

Cooling operation taboos: Water is prohibited during cooling. Program cooling or natural cooling can be performed. Operation can only be performed after the temperature drops to a safe range.

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3. Safe operation and emergency treatment

Real-time monitoring and protection: Temperature, pressure and current changes must be observed during heating. A safe distance must be maintained in the high-temperature area of the furnace body. Protective equipment such as high-temperature resistant gloves and goggles must be worn.

Emergency treatment: If there is abnormal sound, sudden temperature rise or vacuum leakage, immediately cut off the power supply and close the vacuum valve; use a fire extinguisher and call the police in case of fire, and it is strictly forbidden to handle it when the power is not cut off.

Prohibitions: It is strictly forbidden to put organic solvents, flammable substances or samples containing volatile components into the furnace to avoid explosion in the furnace; the hydraulic pump must be shut down in the pressure relief state to prevent misoperation.

4. Equipment maintenance and care

Daily cleaning and inspection: After work, keep the vacuum degree in the furnace at 133Pa, wipe the furnace body and seals with alcohol or gasoline, and regularly remove dust from the electrical system and tighten the joints.

Regular maintenance items: The vacuum gauge and circulating water system need to be checked regularly, and the mechanical transmission parts should be lubricated according to the specifications; after the seals are disassembled, they need to be cleaned with aviation gasoline and vacuum grease should be applied.

Long-term storage requirements: When idle, the main power supply must be turned off, the furnace body must be kept in a vacuum state, and the cylinder must be switched to the stop position to avoid mis-triggering.

5. Recommendations for the selection of control systems

Standard control system: It adopts a combination of programmable controller and PLC, and is equipped with a touch screen to display the process curve. It is economical and practical, and is suitable for conventional heat treatment needs.

Computer control system: With industrial computer as the core, it supports process programming, data storage and report generation, and is easy to operate and has a large storage capacity.

Group control system: Centralized management of multiple devices to achieve data collection and unified process scheduling, suitable for large-scale production scenarios.

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